Cayin RU7: power output and what it will drive

The Cayin RU7 is a USB dongle at $269. It delivers 160 mW into 32Ω and 17 mW into 300Ω, which ranks it 172 of 280 for raw power among the sources in this database.

Measured at 100 dB SPL it has comfortable headroom on 517 of the 567 dynamic and planar headphones catalogued here, enough but not generous on 40, only marginal on 6 and not enough power for 4. A 1-bit discrete resistor-ladder converter in a dongle, which is unusual at any size. Cayin publishes power at one load only.

The manufacturer publishes 160 mW into 32Ω. Everything else in the table above is worked out from those figures, and this table says which is which.

The balanced output is rated separately: 400 mW into 32Ω through the 4.4mm jack.

Derivation holds output voltage steady between and beyond the published loads rather than output power, because that is what an amplifier actually does. The full method is written up here.

Source: en.cayin.cn.

Ordered from easiest to hardest to drive. Headroom is measured at 100 dB SPL, which is louder than almost anyone listens — a small negative number means the source still plays loud, just without reserve for peaks.

These figures come from each manufacturer's own sensitivity rating. A handful of planars — the HiFiMAN Susvara and the Abyss AB-1266 in particular — are widely reported to need far more than their published sensitivity implies, so treat a bare pass on those as optimistic rather than settled.

The manufacturer does not publish an output noise figure for this source, so the hiss estimate that runs on every other page here cannot be run on this one. Rather than substitute a plausible number, this page leaves the question open.

If you know the noise figure from a measurement you trust, the hiss calculator takes it directly and tells you where that noise lands in your own in-ears.

The manufacturer does not publish an output impedance for this source. That is the one number that decides whether it leaves your headphones alone or acts as a tone control, so its absence matters more than it looks: without it, nothing here can tell you how this source will behave with a multi-driver in-ear.

If you find a measured figure you trust, the checker will work out the consequence for any headphone.

Of the 280 sources here, 52 do everything the Cayin RU7 does as a headphone output: reach 100 dB on every headphone it reaches. The cheapest of them is the FiiO KA11 at $29, against this one’s $269 — $240 less.

The cheaper one also publishes an output impedance and a noise figure, which the Cayin RU7 does not — so on the paperwork it is ahead, not merely level.

This counts a headphone output and nothing else. Inputs, converters, microphone preamps, balanced outputs, the volume control, the case and the warranty are all outside it, and any of them can be the reason to buy the dearer box. What the count does say is that the three numbers a maker can be held to do not separate them.

Worked out in advance against its closest rivals: vs EarMen Colibri · vs Qudelix T71 · vs Questyle M15 · vs Shanling UA5. Each of those pages lists the headphones that tell the two apart.

Or put any two side by side in the source comparison tool, or run your own headphones through the amplifier matcher. Or see every Cayin source in the database, and how much of what this site says about them came from Cayin’s own documents.